1. What factors could account for the difference in ratio of adult men to women in the general population and among the adult population? In other words, why are there more women than men in the adult population, but fewer women in the overall population?

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Suggestion

The ratio of women to men is a function of the ratio at birth (how many girls and how many boys are born) AND the mortality patterns (the things that cause death at various stages of a man or woman's life). One of the factors, for example, could be the life expectancy of men compared to that of women. Women live longer than men (by an average of 4 years) in all regions of the world -- a fact that affects the adult population but not the younger population.