98-03439 (E)
260298
United Nations
E/CN.6/1998/8
Economic and Social Council
Distr.: General
12 February 1998
Original: English
Commission on the Status of Women
Forty-second session
2-13 March 1998
Item 3 (a) of the provisional agenda
Follow-up to the Fourth World Conference
on Women: review of mainstreaming in
organizations of the United Nations system
Improvement of the status of women in the Secretariat
Report of the Secretary-General
Contents
Paragraphs
Page
I.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
3
II.
Statistical update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
3
III.
Update on the measures taken for the achievement of gender equality . . . . . . . . . . . .
711
5
IV.
Forecast and alternative actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1217
5
E/CN.6/1998/8
2
Abbreviations
DD
Department for Disarmament Affairs
DESA
Department of Economic and Social Affairs
DGAACS
Department of General Assembly Affairs and Conference Services
DM
Department of Management
DM/OCSS
Office of Central Support Services
DM/OHRM
Office of Human Resources Management
DM/OPPBA
Office for Programme Planning, Budget and Accounts
DPA
Department of Political Affairs
DPKO
Department of Peacekeeping Operations
DPKO/FALD
Missions
ECA
Economic Commission for Africa
ECE
Economic Commission for Europe
ECLAC
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ESCAP
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCWA
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
HC/CHR
United Nations High Commissioner/Centre for Human Rights
INTERORG
Inter-organizations
OCHA
Office of the Coordinator for Humanitarian Affairs
OCPI
Office of Communication and Public Information
OIOS
Office of Internal Oversight Services
OLA
Office of Legal Affairs
OSG
Office of the Secretary-General
UNCC
United Nations Compensation Commission
UNCHS
United Nations Centre for Human Settlements
UNCTAD
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDCP
United Nations International Drug Control Programme
UNEP
United Nations Environment Programme
UNJSPF
United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund
UNOG
United Nations Office at Geneva
UNON
United Nations Office at Nairobi
UNOV
United Nations Office at Vienna
UNSCOM
United Nations Special Commission
E/CN.6/1998/8
3
I. Introduction
1.
In its resolution 52/96 of 12 December 1997 on the
improvement of the status of women in the Secretariat, the
General Assembly requested that an update on the status of
women in the Secretariat be submitted to the Commission on
the Status of Women at the forty-second session. In the same
resolution, the General Assembly reaffirmed the goal
contained in the Platform for Action adopted by the Fourth1
World Conference on Women for the achievement of overall
gender equality, particularly at the Professional level and
above, by the year 2000, with full respect for the principle of
equitable geographical distribution. This initiative is in
conformity with Article 101 of the Charter of the United
Nations, and also takes into account the lack of representation
or underrepresentation of women from certain countries, in
particular from developing countries and countries with
economies in transition.
2.
In the same resolution, the General Assembly welcomed
the personal commitment of the Secretary-General to meeting
that goal and his assurance that gender balance will be given
highest priority in his continuing effort to bring about a new
management culture in the Organization.
3.
Due to the short time period between the fifty-second
session of the General Assembly and the opening of the forty-
second session of the Commission on the Status of Women,
the present report updates information contained in the
reports of the Secretary-General on the improvement of the
status of women in the Secretariat (A/52/408) and the
composition of the Secretariat (A/52/580); the report includes
statistical data and follow-up on measures taken for the
achievement of gender balance, and sets forth forecast and
alternative actions.
II. Statistical update
4.
The statistics on the status of women in the Secretariat
show slow but steady improvement. It should be noted that
under the reform programme, the nomenclature for
departments and offices reported has been changed; therefore,
the information reported below reflects the partial
consolidation of departments and offices, while the statistical
data has not yet been aggregated accordingly. In the overall2
workforce over the last year, the percentage of women at the
Professional level on posts subject to geography has increased
from 35.5 per cent to 36.8 per cent, as of 1 January 1998.
Although progress in achieving the 50/50 goal has been
modest, gains have been made at a time when the
Organization is undergoing significant restructuring and
downsizing. This is a small but positive trend towards
reaching the mandated targets set by the General Assembly.
Other developments also reflect womens progress towards
the 50/50 goal. Over the same time period, for instance, the
percentage of women staff in higher-level positions (D-1 and
above), where their representation has traditionally been low,
has increased from 18.5 per cent in December 1996 to 22.6
per cent as of 1 January 1998.
5.
The Secretary-Generals commitment to bringing
gender balance to the United Nations has been unequivocal,
as recently demonstrated by his appointment of a woman as
the first Deputy Secretary-General of the Organization.
Nevertheless, statistics projecting developments within
Professional levels also reveal that a glass ceiling exists for
women, in particular at the highest levels of the Organization.
However, the Secretary-General has stated his intentions to
abolish these barriers in the near future. While the median
(fiftieth percentile) grade of men was that of P-4 between
December 1987 and April 1997, over the same time period
the median grade of women was P-3. As of 1 January 1998,
there was one woman Under-Secretary-General as compared
to 17 men, and three women Assistant Secretaries-General
as compared to nine men.
6.
The gender composition of offices and departments is
also important since it reflects the extreme variation in
womens status on a departmental level. By 1 January 1998,
only four offices with 20 personnel or more (DM/OHRM,
DM/OUSG, OCPI and DGAACS) had achieved the 50 per
cent goal at the Professional level and above, while 10 such
offices,
in
descending
order
(UNJSPF,
UNDCP,
DM/OPPBA, DESA, HC/CHR, OLA, DPKO, UNOG, DPA
and OIOS) had attained and surpassed the previously set goal
of 35 per cent Professional women, as mandated in General
Assembly resolution 45/239 of December 1990, and 12
offices (DPKO/FALD, ESCAP, ECLAC, OCHA, UNCHS,
ESCWA, OSG, UNOV, DM/OCSS, ECE, UNCTAD and
ECA) had yet to attain the previously set goal of 35 per cent
Professional women. The only office to reach the 50 per cent
goal at the D-1 level and above was DM/OHRM, with 57.1
per cent, while in two departments (UNDCP and OCHA)
women were completely absent at those levels. Such
variations in the representation of women between
departments and offices pose yet another challenge towards
meeting the 50/50 goal.
E/CN.6/1998/8
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E/CN.6/1998/8
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III. Update on the measures taken for
the achievement of gender equality
Special measures for the improvement of
the status of women in the Secretariat
7.
The special measures for the achievement of gender
equality, issued in January 1996 in an administrative
instruction (ST/AI/412), have been instrumental in guiding
the Organization towards reaching its numerical and
qualitative gender balance goals. To further strengthen the
applicability of the measures and to clarify their practical
implications, the Assistant Secretary-General for Human
Resources Management, together with the Special Adviser
for Gender Issues and Advancement of Women, co-chaired
a working group consisting of representatives of the Office
of Human Resources Management, the Focal Point in the
Secretariat, the Staff Committee and the Group on Equal
Rights for Women in the United Nations.
8.
In this process, the revised special measures would
include more effective measures for monitoring and
evaluating departmental efforts to achieve the goal of gender
balance. The revised special measures are expected to be
issued in Spring 1998.
Gender training
9.
Training incorporating gender mainstreaming has now
been completed in the Division on the Advancement of
Women, and it is forecasted to commence in the Department
of Political Affairs in February 1998. It is intended that
gender training be expanded in this biennium to other
departments and overseas offices of the Secretariat. Each
departmental training activity will be tailored to meet the
unique needs of specific departments and offices. The
approach adopted involves motivating gender awareness and
organizational change by linking the concept of quality of
work/effectiveness with that of gender equality.
Work/family
10.
In order to reconcile the issues of work and family
responsibilities and bring to the forefront of the human
resources management agenda the quality of work/family life,
the Secretary-General has endorsed a family leave
programme, as approved by the Fifth Committee and the
General Assembly in its resolution 52/219 of 22 December
1997, with the following provisions: sick leave to be used to
attend to family-related emergencies; partial conversion of
maternity leave to paternity leave in dual-career families
where both spouses are Secretariat staff members; special
leave as a parental leave for up to two years; and provisions
for special unpaid leave for staff members to respond to
serious family matters. These provisions fall strictly within
the parameters of current entitlements, as requested by the
General Assembly in its resolution 51/226 of 3 April 1997,
in which the Assembly specifies that a family leave
programme for United Nations staff should be developed
without creating supplementary leave entitlements. Notably,
this initiative follows developments in both the public and
private sectors, where employers have recognized the
importance of assisting staff in meeting their personal needs
in order to maintain productivity, minimize absenteeism and
staff turnover, reduce conflict and stress, and improve overall
performance.
Data bank
11.
The Consultative Committee on Administrative
Questions,
together
with
the
Information
Systems
Coordinating Committee of the Administrative Committee on
Coordination, are in the process of developing a system for
inter-agency mobility of women staff to increase their
experience, as well as to provide effective means of making
the résumés of spouses/significant others available to the
organizations, and to further develop approaches for
facilitating system-wide mobility. The pilot project will be
an Internet-based databank information system. It is
envisaged that the United Nations system worldwide, as well
as other international organizations, will eventually join this
initiative, which would result in the establishment of an
international inter-agency roster of women and men
candidates.
IV. Forecast and alternative actions
12.
A number of initiatives, as described in paragraphs 7
to 11 above, have been taken in order to foster the
achievement of the 50/50 goal, including continued efforts at
the implementation of a strategic plan, and the further
development of special measures. Still, the achievement of
the 50 per cent overall goal for women by the year 2000 at all
levels, including senior-level posts and those subject to
geographical distribution, will provide a great challenge to
both the Organization and Member States.
E/CN.6/1998/8
6
13.
The composition of the Secretariat is a dynamic process
Notes
whose parameters are determined by new legislative
mandates, including the abolishment of outdated programmes
and projects, which result in the hiring of new staff, the
transfer of staff, promotions and retirements. Each of these
actions has a particular type of impact on gender balance.
14.
Recent projections for separations due to retirement
show that this element will play a major role in determining
the pace at which change can occur in the United Nations
since more men than women will reach retirement in the next
10 years. The above-mentioned report on the composition of
the Secretariat forecasts that between 1997-2001, an average
of 13.8 per cent or 312 people will retire yearly, and between
the years 2002 and 2010 that number will increase to
approximately 600 annual retirements. The next decade will
thus provide a window of opportunity to improve the status
of women, including those from developing countries, in
particular at the senior decision-making levels.
15.
It is earnestly hoped that with the full cooperation of
departments and offices, the revised special measures will
ensure that the above-mentioned opportunities are fully
utilized to achieve gender balance within the Organization.
Two initiatives which, in conjunction with the special
measures as well as gender training, work life and other
measures, will accelerate progress towards the improvement
of the status of women in the Secretariat, are described below.
16.
It is envisaged that a proactive approach based on the
need to assess the status of gender balance in each individual
department or office will be taken to establish an action plan
that would set specific targets for recruitment and placement,
depending on their degree of compliance with mandated
goals. More progressive employment equality measures
should be implemented in departments that remain furthest
from the 50/50 goal.
17.
It is further intended that the Secretariat will develop
a reference manual of proven good practices on the basis of
the progress record of various national and international
organizations, including United Nations departments and
offices. The manual would include chapters on effective
accountability mechanisms, approaches to recruitment and
retention of highly qualified women staff, training of women
for non-traditional occupations, approaches to enhance the
quality of work environments, and mechanisms for
information-gathering and information-sharing at both
qualitative and quantitative levels.
Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing,
1
4-15 September 1995 (United Nations publications, Sales
No. 96.IV.13), chap. I, resolution 1, annex II.
Due to the restructuring process, there may be some
2
additional organizational changes, as well as a
redistribution of posts, which will change the statistical
data; updated data will be made available.